Criminological problems of transplant medicine

This publication is the development of aspects related to transplantation medicine in the broadly comprehended issues referred to trafficking in human beings and one of its form — illegal trade in human organs. The illicit trade in human organs and tissues is lucrative comparable to smuggling of weapons and drugs in the context of profits. States must address this growing phenomenon with the implementation of legal and organizational measures. Human trafficking results in many disadvantageous consequences not only for agriculture but also for other fields of social and public life and results in a danger to the security of state. Trafficking in human beings occurs in all countries of the world and is global. It has become an enormous illegal industry which brings tremendous gains for criminal groups. The following publication provides readers with observations and opinions emphasized by the representatives of not only polish research centers (University of Białystok, the Police Academy in Szczytno) but also institutions from Belarus and Turkey. Majority of authors indicate a multifaceted nature of trafficking in organs. It results from relations of criminal world with poor donors, ill recipients and unscrupulous representatives of medical environment. Hence, the questions of a legal and ethical nature rise. The subject matter pointed out by the content of specific articles proves that the phenomenon of trafficking in organs, tissues and embryos involves a constant verification and control for the effectiveness of combating this crime. The added value of the writing is the formula of two languages — English and German, adopted by editors which enables a wider audience to get familiar with its content. The publication targets a wide group of recipients, in particular: practitioners (police officers, prosecutors, judges) as well as students of the faculty of law, criminology and internal security.

INTRODUCTION 7 EINFUHRUNG Prof. Dr. Mesut Hakkı CAŞIN COMBATING ILLEGAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND ORGAN TRADE CRIME IN INTERNATIONAL LAW 9 BEKAMPFUNG VON MENSCHEN- UND ORGANHANDEL UNTER DER BESONDEREN BERUCKSICHTIGUNG DES INTERNATIONALEN RECHTS Dr. jur. R. Barış ATLADI, LL.M. (Bayreuth) KRITISCHE ANALYSE DES TATBESTANDES „ORGANHANDEL“ IN DER TÜRKISCHEN RECHTSSPRECHUNG 21 CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF FACTUAL CIRCUMSTANCES OF ORGAN TRADE UNDER THE TURKISH LAW Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Yener UNVER CURRENT PROBLEMS ON TRADE OF ORGAN AND TISSUE TRANSPLANTATION IN TURKEY 31 AKTUELLE FRAGEN DES ORGANHANDELS UND GEWEBETRANSPLANTATION IN DER TURKEI Assist. Prof.‘in Dr. Gulsun-Ayhan AYGORMEZ-UĞURLUBAY, LL.M. (Bielefeld) DAS GESETZ ÜBER DIE ENTNAHME, BEWAHRUNG, EINPRÄGUNG UND ÜBERTRAGUNG VON ORGANEN UND GEWEBEN (ORGANTRANSPLANTATIONSGESETZ — OTPG): DE LEGE LATA UND DE LEGE FERENDA 45 LAW ON PROCUREMENT, STORAGE, TRANSPLANTATION, IMPLANTATION AND TRANSPORT OF ORGANS AND TISSUES (ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION ACT): DE LEGE LATA AND DE LEGE FERENDA Prof. Dr. Ozlem Yenerer CAKMUT EINWILLIGUNG BEI ORGANUND GEWEBETRANSPLANTATIONEN 55 CONSENT TO ORGAN AND TISSUE TRANSPLANTATION Dr Rimma Nickolayevna KLYUCHKO MERKMALE UND FRAGEN DER STRAFRECHTLICHEN BEURTEILUNG DES VERSTOSSES GEGEN DAS TRANSPLANTATIONSVERFAHREN GEMÄß DER GESETZGEBUNG DER REPUBLIK BELARUS 65 FEATURES AND ASPECTS OF CRIMINAL EVALUATION OF CHARGES AGAINST TRANSPLANTATION PROCEDURES BASED ON THE LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS Prof. Dr. Ewa Monika GUZIK-MAKARUK DIE EINSTELLUNG DER POLEN ZUR ORGANENTNAHME UND -TRANSPLANTATION UNTER BERÜCKSICHTIGUNG DER CBOS-MEINUNGSFORSCHUNGEN 83 POLISH APPROACH TO PROCUREMENT AND TRANSPLANTATION BASED ON SURVEY FINDINGS BY CBOS (CENTRE FOR PUBLIC OPINION RESEARCH) Dr Ewa KOWALEWSKA-BORYS Mgr Emilia Magdalena TRUSKOLASKA WICHTIGE ENTSCHEIDUNGEN ÜBER ORGANTRANSPLANTATION UND ORGANHANDEL IM POLNISCHEN RECHT MIT BESONDEREM SCHWERPUNKT AUF DIE EINWILLIGUNG DER KINDER FÜR ORGANTRANSPLANTATION 97 IMPORTANT DECISIONS ON ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION AND TRADE UNDER THE POLISH LAW WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO CHILDREN’S CONSENT TO ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION Dr Urszula DROZDOWSKA CIVIL ASPECTS OF THE PATIENT’S OPPOSITION TO TRANSPLANTATION EX MORTUO 107 ZIVILE ASPEKTE DES PATIENTENWIDERSPRUCHS GEGEN TRANSPLANTATION EX MORTUO Dr Emilia JURGIELEWICZ-DELEGACZ EUROPEAN REGULATIONS ON THE QUALITY AND SAFETY OF ORGANS INTENDED FOR TRANSPLANTATION 121 EUROPAISCHE VERORDNUNGEN UBER DIE QUALITAT UND SICHERHEIT VON ORGANEN UND DEREN TRANSPLANTATION Dr Janusz BRYK SELECTED ASPECTS OF PROCEDURES UNDERTAKEN BY THE BORDER GUARD IN RESPECT OF IDENTIFICATION OF VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS 137 AUSGEWAHLTE VERFAHRENSASPEKTE DES GRENZSCHUTZES BEZUGLICH DER IDENTIFIZIERUNG VON OPFERN DES MENSCHENHANDELS Dr Dorota MOCARSKA JUSTIFICATION OF PREGNANCY TERMINATION IN THE JURISPRUDENCE OF POLISH COURTS 149 BEGRUNDUNG DES SCHWANGERSCHAFTSABBRUCHES IN DER POLNISCHEN RECHTSSPRECHUNG Dr Aleksandra NOWAK THE FIGHT AGAINST ORGAN TRAFFICKING — CHOSEN LAW REMARKS AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION 159 DIE BEKAMPFUNG VON ORGANHANDEL — AUSGEWAHLTE RECHTLICHE ASPEKTE UND INTERNATIONALE ZUSAMMENARBEIT