ebook AI as a Rational Theologian A Comprehensive Skills Assessment Marcin Trepczyński

Wydawca: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Rok wydania: 2025

The publication presents the results of research on the abilities of leading chatbots based on large language models in the field of theological skills. In accordance with the author\'s methodology, it has been shown that they can, among others: effectively interpret the Bible and recognize theological problems, analyse and evaluate theological argumentation, and formulate their own conclusions and conduct reasoning.

The publication is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) (full license available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.en).

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AI jako racjonalny teolog. Kompleksowa ocena umiejętności

Publikacja prezentuje wyniki badań nad zdolnościami wiodących chatbotów opartych na dużych modelach językowych w obszarze umiejętności teologicznych. Zgodnie z autorską metodologią wykazano, że potrafią one m.in.: skutecznie interpretować Biblię, rozpoznawać problemy teologiczne, analizować i oceniać argumentację teologiczną oraz formułować własne wnioski i przeprowadzać rozumowanie.

Publikacja na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) (pełna treść wzorca dostępna pod adresem: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.pl).

Spis treści ebooka AI as a Rational Theologian

Abstract 7

Executive Summary 8

1. Introduction 11

2. Methodology 14
2.1. Aim and Research Questions 14
2.2. General Assumptions 14
2.3. Theological Skills and Assessment Criteria 18
2.4. Rating Framework 20
2.5. Tasks 22

3. Results: Discussion and Assessment 37
3.1. Interpreting the Bible 37
3.2. Clarification of Theological Problems 44
3.3. Critical Assessment of Theological Reasoning 49
3.4. Formulating Theological Reasoning 65
3.5. Linking Biblical Utterances to Theological
Statements 73
3.6. Discussing Issues in Natural Theology 79
3.7. Providing Theological Guidance 85
3.8. Applying the Concept of a Rational Theologian 88
3.9. Evaluating Theological Skills 98

4. Final Assessment and Rating 103
4.1. Interpreting the Bible 103
4.2. Clarification of Theological Problems 104
4.3. Critical Assessment of Theological Reasoning 104
4.4. Formulating Theological Reasoning 106
4.5. Linking Biblical Utterances to Theological
Statements 106
4.6. Discussing Issues in Natural Theology 107
4.7. Providing Theological Guidance 108
4.8. Applyng the Concept of a Rational Theologian 109
4.9. Evaluating Theological Skills 109
4.10. Final Rating 110

5. Conclusions 113

References 117

Appendix: Final Conversations with the Chatbots 120
Group 1: ChatGPT 120
Group 1: Gemini 138
Group 2: ChatGPT 150
Group 2: Gemini 162
Group 3: ChatGPT 168
Group 3: Gemini 192
Group 4: ChatGPT 204
Group 4: Gemini 223
Group 5: ChatGPT 231
Group 5: Gemini 244
Group 6: ChatGPT 249
Group 6: Gemini 264
Group 7: ChatGPT 269
Group 7: Gemini 282
Group 8: ChatGPT 288
Group 8: Gemini 293
Group 9: ChatGPT 300
Group 9: Gemini 308

Acknowledgements 315